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N5235A PNA-L Microwave Network Analyzer, 50 GHz

Category:

Desktop network analyzer

Network analyzer


  • Product Description
  • Selection
    • Brand: 是德科技
    • Commodity name: N5235A PNA-L Microwave Network Analyzer, 50 GHz
    • Brand: Keysight Technologies

    In-depth Analysis of the Keysight N5235A PNA-L Microwave Network Analyzer

    I. Core Technical Parameters and Positioning

    The N5235A is a high-frequency flagship model in Keysight's PNA-L series, designed for wideband passive and simple active device testing below 50 GHz. While discontinued, basic maintenance services are still supported. Its core parameters are as follows:


     

    Parameter Category N5235A Technical Specifications Technical Characteristics
    Frequency Range 10 MHz to 50 GHz (fixed band, no optional expansion) Covers 5G millimeter wave (such as 28/39 GHz), satellite communication (Ka band), and automotive radar (76-81 GHz requires external module).
    Dynamic Range 110 dB (typical value, at 50 GHz) Supports accurate measurement of high-isolation devices (such as duplexers, isolation > 80 dB) and low-loss materials (such as ceramic substrates), noise floor -110 dBm.
    Output Power 0 dBm (maximum, fixed configuration) Suitable for small-signal characteristic analysis (such as gain flatness test of low-noise amplifiers), high-power scenarios require an external power amplifier.
    Scan Speed 201 points / 8 ms (fast mode) Supports high-speed mass production scanning, efficiency improved by 40% in segmented frequency sweep mode (e.g., 1-20 GHz fine sweep, 20-50 GHz coarse sweep).
    Port Configuration 2 ports (standard, single built-in signal source) Supports single-port/dual-port S-parameter measurement, can be expanded to multi-port testing (e.g., 8 ports) via external switch matrix.

    II. Typical Application Scenarios and Technical Advantages

    Core Application Areas
    • High-Frequency Passive Component Testing
      • Measurement of out-of-band suppression (>60 dB) and insertion loss (<1.5 dB) of filters below 50 GHz (such as 5G n257/n258 band filters).
      • Directionality and polarization characteristic analysis of planar antennas (such as phased array antenna units), supporting near-field testing on a probe station.
    • Simple Active Device Evaluation
      • Testing of small-signal gain (e.g., gain > 18 dB at 30 GHz) and input/output matching (S11/S22<-15 dB) of power amplifiers (PA).
      • Measurement of conversion loss (<8 dB) and port isolation (LO-IF isolation > 35 dB) of mixers.
    • Material and Interconnect Characterization
      • Extraction of dielectric constant (Dk=10.2±0.1) and dissipation factor (Df<0.0023) of high-frequency board materials (such as Rogers 6010LM), supporting microstrip/stripline structure testing.
      • Measurement of insertion loss (<3 dB/m at 50 GHz) and phase stability (phase drift <5° when temperature cycles ±5℃) of 2.92mm connector cable assemblies.
    Comparison with Models in the Same Series
    Comparison Item N5235AN5234AN5230A
    Frequency Range 50 GHz (fixed) 43.5 GHz (fixed) 6/13.5/20/40/50 GHz (optional expansion)
    Dynamic Range (typical value) 110 dB (50 GHz) 110 dB (43.5 GHz) 108 dB (at 50 GHz)
    Output Power 0 dBm (fixed) 0 dBm (fixed) 23 dBm (option N5230A-201)
    Typical Applications Millimeter-wave Component R&D and Verification High-frequency millimeter-wave (24-43.5 GHz) component testing Multi-band (6-50 GHz) complex component testing
    Discontinued Status Discontinued (support until 2025) Discontinued (support until 2025) Discontinued (support until 2026)

    1.  
    The N5235A is a cost-effective choice for wideband testing below 50 GHz, offering higher frequency coverage than the N5234A and lower millimeter-wave expansion costs than the N5230A.
    Limitations in Millimeter-Wave Testing
    • Does not natively support frequencies above 50 GHz. Testing automotive radar (76-81 GHz) requires an external millimeter-wave downconverter module (such as Keysight N1426A), but this introduces additional conversion loss (approximately 12 dB) and phase noise (increase of 0.8 dB RMS).

    III. Key Points for High-Frequency Testing

    Interface and Accessory Adaptability
    • Standard 2.92mm interface (50Ω), compatible with 3.5mm devices (requires adapter, such as 85032F, insertion loss <0.3 dB@40 GHz). Avoid using N-type interfaces (loss increases significantly above 18 GHz, VSWR>1.4).
    • Calibration Scheme:
      • Within 50 GHz: Use the 125B series 2.92mm precision calibration kits (covering 10 MHz-26.5 GHz), supporting Ecal fast calibration (<50 seconds).
      • When using external modules: Perform TRL calibration (using 85052D standard parts) to reduce adapter errors (directional error <0.15 dB).
    Environment and Error Control
    • It is recommended to test in a constant temperature (23±1℃) environment to avoid the influence of temperature changes on phase measurement (a change of 1℃ causes a 0.08°/GHz phase drift).
    • Cable Management: Use a phase-stable cable (such as Keysight 85133E), and perform "cable de-embedding" before each test to eliminate measurement deviations caused by cable bending (amplitude error < 0.08 dB).
    Alternative and Upgrade Options
    • For higher frequencies or automated functions, you can upgrade to N5235B (50 GHz, supports touchscreen and USB control) or N5225B (10 MHz-50 GHz, integrated vector signal analysis function).
    • With a limited budget, consider a used N5235A with factory calibration service (calibration cycle is recommended every six months to ensure accuracy meets MIL-STD-45662A).

    IV. Discontinued Product Support and Migration Suggestions

    After-Sales Service Status
    • N5235A will cease production in December 2024. Existing inventory will be supported until mid-2025, and repair services will be extended to 2027 (extended warranty required).
    • Firmware updates will end in June 2025. It is recommended to upgrade to the latest version (10.20) to support Windows 10 system compatibility.
    Investment Protection Strategy
            Existing test fixtures (such as probe station fixtures, coaxial fixtures) can be used directly with the N5235B, and the software drivers are fully compatible (Keysight VEE/IO Libraries Suite).

    V. Selection Decision Reference

    • Recommended Scenarios
      • R&D and verification of 5G millimeter-wave components for communication equipment manufacturers (such as power amplifiers, duplexers).
      • Wideband circuit design in university microwave laboratories (such as filter optimization, antenna matching), with a moderate budget but requiring coverage of frequencies below 50 GHz.
      • High-frequency component spot checks for small and medium-sized production lines (such as annual inspection of less than 50,000 millimeter-wave antennas for VSWR).
    • Pitfalls to Avoid
      • Avoid using it to test devices with power exceeding 0 dBm (may damage the receiver). For high-power scenarios, an external attenuator (such as a 10 dB fixed attenuator) is required.
  • Basic Configuration and Hardware Options

    • 200 2-port basic hardware configuration, covering a frequency range of 10 MHz to 50 GHz, including a single built-in signal source and basic S-parameter measurement functions.
    • 216 2-port configurable test set, integrated source attenuator, supporting more flexible test scenario adjustments.
    • 416 4-port configurable test set and source attenuator (device compatibility needs to be confirmed).
    • 1CM Rack mounting kit (without handle), suitable for standard 19-inch rack mounting.
    • 1CP Rack mounting kit (with handle), providing more convenient rack mounting and handling functions.

    Calibration and Measurement Enhancement Options

    • 007 Automatic fixture removal function, supporting quick elimination of system errors introduced by test fixtures.
    • 301 Application option used with standard calibration kits (such as 85032D), suitable for general calibration scenarios.
    • 302 Application option used with temperature characteristic calibration kits, supporting high-precision calibration of temperature-sensitive devices.
    • 551 N-port calibration measurement function, expandable to precise calibration and testing of multi-port devices.
    • A6J ANSI Z540-1-1994 standard calibration service, providing calibration certificates that comply with industry standards.
    • UK6 Commercial calibration certificate (with test data), meeting the quality control needs of enterprises.

    Function Expansion and Advanced Measurement Options

    • 010 Time-domain analysis function, supporting time-domain reflectometry (TDR) and filter tuning optimization.
    • 015 Dynamic uncertainty analysis, used to evaluate the uncertainty range of S-parameter measurements.
    • 080 Frequency offset measurement mode, suitable for nonlinear characteristic testing of devices such as mixers and amplifiers.
    • 082 Scalar calibration converter measurement function, simplifying the operation process in scalar network analysis scenarios.
    • 083 Vector and scalar calibration converter measurement function, supporting more comprehensive characterization of converter characteristics.
    • 084 Embedded local oscillator (LO) measurement function, suitable for testing devices with integrated local oscillator signals.
    • 090 Spectrum analyzer function module, enabling integrated testing of spectrum analysis and network analysis.

    Software and Automation Options

    • 897 Built-in performance test software (permanent license), including comprehensive calibration verification and device diagnostic tools.
    • 898 Built-in performance test software (standard-compliant calibration), supporting standardized process calibration and report generation.
    • 1A7 Calibration + Uncertainty + Guard Band Analysis function, providing a more rigorous evaluation of measurement results. 3

    Other Useful Options

    • ECal Module Electronic calibration module (needs to be purchased separately), supporting fast automated calibration, reducing calibration time and complexity. 25
    • TRL/LRM Calibration Kit Calibration solution suitable for high-precision fixtures and wafer-level measurements. 25
    • Pulse RF Test Kit Supports pulse signal measurement and can analyze the response characteristics of devices under pulse excitation.

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